Lamp structure



Nov. 3, 1942; K K J.,H. RElcHART 2,300,523

I LAMP STRUCTURE Filed Aug. 51, 1939 s sheets-sheet 1 Nov. 3, 1942. J.H. RE'lcHAR-r LAMP STRUCTURE Filed Aug. 31. i939 -5 Sheets-Sheet 2 uINVEMOR .Jh/15.5 ffm/wm:

^ A ORNEY Nov; 3, 1942. J;- H, RElCHART'- '2,300Q523 LAMP STRUCTURE v YFiled Aug. 3l, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 IVENTR' u atented Nov. 3, v1942UNITED STATES TENT OFFICE LAMP STRUCTURE J ames H. Reichart, Muncie,Ind.

Application August 31, 1939-, Serial No. 292,826

(Cl. Z110-11.2)

4 Claims.

This invention relates to a lamp structure and its support.

The chief Vobject of this invention is to provide a lamp structurewhich, first, is more economical to produce and, therefore, can be soldat a much lower price than lamps of the same general character now onthe market; second, to produce a lamp structure wherein certain inherentobjectionable features cf the present lamp structures of the samegeneral character as will hereinafter be pointed out are eliminated andthird, to provide a support for such lamp structure proper, which is notonly ingenious but has certain characteristics not otherwise found inprior lamp structure mountings.

The chief feature of the invention consists in providing a lampstructure and its support, whereby the aforesaid multiple object isaccomplished.

Other objects and Vfeatures incident or supplemental thereto will behereinafter pointed out more fully.

The full nature of the invention will be understood from theaccompanying drawings and the following description and claims.

In the drawing,

Fig. l is a central sectional View through a portion of the lampstructure and its support, certain portions of the support being shownin elevation and also a lamp bulb included in the bulb socket portion ofthe lamp structure.

Fig. 2f is a transverse sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1 andin the direction of the Fig. 3 is a central sectional viewtaken on line3 3 of Fig. 1 and in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic, comparative chart of light distribution curvesgenerated by a point moving at a constant intensity, the three curvesshown representing that from a bare light source, a lens type lampstructure with a light source of equal value, and a light source in theinvention as illustrated in Fig. 1with a light source of same value.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 and of the preferred form ofuniversal joint and support connection.

Fig. 6 is a central sectional view of another embodiment of theinvention, the bulb socket being shown in elevation and having adetachable connection to the bowl portion.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the multiple mounting type base shown in Fig.6.

Fig. 8 is a central sectional view of a receptacle type lamp base, thebowl, etc., being omitted for clearness and the mirror and cosmetic orshaving material container being shown in elevation.

Fig. 9 is an elevational View of another embodiment of bowl support.

Fig. 10 is a central sectional view through the base thereof.

Fig. 11 is a bottom plan View of the vase shown in Figs. 9 and l0, fulllines illustrating the retaining position and dotted lines indicatingthe releasing position.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view'of a clamp-on type of support, the globebeing omitted for clearness, certain dotted lines indicating Aa support,full lines illustrating the `clamping means engaging the latter and thedotted lines indicating the collapsed position of the clamping means.

In. Figs. l to 5 of the drawings, I0 indicates aA conventional plug typeterminal and II an elon-V gated insulated cord containing two wires inelectrical connection with the prongs Ia forsupplying current to thesocket I2 having a local circuit switch therein and which is controlledvby a reciprocable member I3. The socket is of conventional character andno further description or illustration thereof is believed necessary.

In Fig. 1, I4 indicates a substantiallyspherical lamp bulb structure,which is detachably associated with the socket I2 and by means of thethreaded neck portion or stem l5. This bulb is of conventional characterand needs noV further illustration or description, except to point outthat preferably this is of the lfrosted glass type,

so that the light filament in the bulb is not visible as such when thecircuit is completed therethrough and energized.

A substantially hemispherical shell I6 includes a central opening Ildeiined by a flange or collar l 8. This is either press-fitted orotherwise rigidly secured upon the portion I2a of the bulbsocket and thelength of said'collar I8 is sufcient tol prevent cooking of the socketin the opening so thatas a result the socket is axially aligned withsaid opening-and is directed forwardly into the shell. v

The forward portion of the lamp structure includes a frustchemispherical portion I9. It will be observed it is slightly more ythanhalf' of a hemisphere. The two adjacent circular edgesv are suitablyconnected together as by a tongue and groove connection which is of theclamp type. Herein portion It includes the tongue 2U. The portion I9includes the groove 2| Vand the two are interlockingly clamped togetherin the assemblying operation. The-forward hemispherical portion I9 isdirected inwardly as at 23 and thence inwardly and rearwardly as at 24,and then the central opening resulting therefrom is defined by aninwardly directed cylindrical portion of the desired length, if desired.

The result is that there is provided an outwardly directed flared face26 upon the portion 24 and it will be noted that the light bulb I4 isseated in the opening 21 formed by the cylindrical portion 25, and theouter portion of the light bulb terminates in about the plane of theportion 23. Herein said bulb is shown projecting just slightly beyondsaid plane. It may be coincident therewith or it may be slightly b.,-hind said plane. In other words, the light bulb is of such size withrelation to this lamp shell that preferably the forward portion of saidbulb is substantially coincident with the forward plane cf the lampshell, said shell constitutingthe two members which have been describedin detail aforesaid.

While the junction 2li-2| has been described as occurring at the maximumcircular portion of theshell, it will be quite obvious that it may beformed at some other location without departing from the broaderfeatures of the invention.

The interior of this shell structure including the portions 23, 24 and25, are suitably coated or covered with a reecting medium. It has beenobserved that glare effect is reduced to a minimum when this interiorcoating is of -porcelainlike enamel or lacquer, white in color andpreferably with a touch of blue to increase its white appearance.

Reference now will be had to Fig. 4. n this ligure A indicates a lightsource. Curve B represents the light distribution curve generated by apoint moving along a path of constant intensity. Curve C indicates acorresponding curve from a conventional and standard lens type lampstructure, that is, one wherein the forward end of the lamp structuremounts or receives a lens. Curve D is a corresponding curve of the lampstructure and lamp bulb illustrated in Fig. l. It will be noted that thearea of this curve is relatively wider than curve C and that it isslightly shorter in axial length than curve C but not appreciably so.

In other words, the lens type lamp structures will provide moreintensive local illumination while the present invention will provideless intensive illumination but not appreciably so compared to the lenstype lamp structure but will illuminate a greater area. For example, ifthe lamp structure be used as a bed lamp, the lens type lampsee curveC-will provide illumination of a width sucient to read a magazine, suchas the Saturday Evening Post, Ladies Home Journal, or the like. However,if the reader shifts his position but slightly, only a part of saidmagazine will be illuminated so that the reader is confined to one setposition in the bed when reading under the lens type lamp. With thepresent invention as represented by curve D, the reader may shift hisposition and still have ample illumination for reading magazines of theaforesaid type.

There is a further advantage inherent in the present invention, and thatis that when it is desired to read a newspaper in bed, only a part ofsaid page will be illuminated by a lens type lamp structure. With thepresent inventionsee curve D-the entire page of the newspaper will besuiciently illuminated for reading purposes.

Physiologically, the present invention has an75 additional advantage.The lens type lamp, generally speaking, is of the so-called focusingtype and the intensified light therefrom usually produces a maximumglare effect on the page being read. The present invention incontradistinction thereto produces what may be termed a softer light andnot of intensified character and in reality more light, as will beobvious from a comparison of curves C and D see Fig. 4. If curve C berotated, it will generate a volume which is proportional to the area ofsaid curve. The same also applies with respect to curve D. While thelight source A is the same in both instances, and while C is slightlylarger or longer axially-see bottom portion of Fig. 4-it will beobserved that at each side of curve C, curve D is spaced therefrom anappreciable distance. It may be said that at each side there is an areadefined by the intersection of curves C and D which are substantiallytwice the area between curves C and D at the bottom of said curves,referring to Fig. 4. In other words, the effective area differencebetween curves C and D is approximately three times, this being thedifferi ence between twice the areas of the side less the forward area.In other words, the present invention is more effective in providingmore light for reading purposes and of less intensified character and ofwider distribution than a lens type lamp.

Mechanically, the present invention has a decided advantage over thelens type lamp. With the lens type lamp it is essential that the lamp beopened by disconnecting two portions of the shell structure thereof orby removing the lens thereof in order to insert, remove and replacelight bulbs therein. With the present invention, no such disassociationis required. There is a suflicient portion of the light bulb exposedbeyond the cylindrical portion 25 so that the fingers may readily engagethe light bulb and back out the burned out bulb and another bulb may bereadily replaced.

Should the objection be raised that the wide dispersion of light isobjectionable for reading purposes when the bed is occupied by twopersons, one desiring to read and the other desiring to sleep, it ispointed out that the support for the lamp structure is of readilyadjustable character and the lamp itself may be readily directed to oneside or the other of the bed so that the reading occupant thereof mayread with ease and the sleeping occupant thereof may sleep withoutdisturbance or without annoyance from the light.A

The support for this lamp structure also permits the lamp to be used forilluminating a clock or the like, since the shell is readily adjustablerelative to the support mechanism, it being understood from anexamination of Fig. 4, that there is sufficient illumination for suchpurpose, in view of the fact that curves C and D do not have such aradical departure along the central axis indicated at E.

Reference now will be had to Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, wherein thesupport structure and its connection to the lamp structure proper isillustrated. The aforesaid support structure is of such character it maybe readily mounted on a wall adjacent a bed, on the head of a bed, onthe foot of the bed, for a physicians observation of a patient, on avanity, table desk or the like, wherever a local area is desired to bemore highly ilhuninated than that provided by the` general illuminationof the room in which the person or object is located.

Herein the numeral 30 indicates a substantially U-shaped metal strapwhich is of flexible steel type and which may be forcibly deformed, asrequired. Herein one leg, as indicated at3l, is clirected inwardly andslightly arched so that the two adjacent ends while spaced apart arespaced closerl to each other than the portions adjacent the curvedconnecting portion.

Approximately midway in the other arm of the U-shaped strap 33, there isprovided an aperture 32 and seated therein is a rivet, or the like, 33which'- extends outwardly therefrom and mounts a exible washer 34 whichbears upon the midportion 35 of a U-shaped member 36 and having itsmidporton apertured as at 31. 'I'he rivet is headed, as shown, and thusthis U-shaped member is rigidly anchored, as it were, to the metalstrap, yet is capable of rotation relative thereto about the rivet 33 asan axis.

Another U-shaped strap has a central ,portion 38 and two arm portions33. The arm portions 39 herein are shown straddling the arm portions 3B.The arm portions 35 are spaced apart by a tubular member or sleeve 40.Extending therethrough and through apertures 4I in the -arms 36 andapertures 42 in the arm 39 is the rivet 43. Thus, the two U-shapedmembers last mentioned, are capable of rotational movement relative toeach other about the axis of rivet 43, which axis is transverse to theaxis of the rivet 33. Thus, a universal joint type of connection isprovided which is of relatively simple character.

The midporton 38 of the second mentioned U -shaped member of theuniversal joint construction is rigidly secured to the lamp casing as byriveting, or the like, the lamp casing or shell being apertured as at dand the central -portion 38 being apertured as at 45,*the rivet or likeconnector being indicated by numeral 46.

While this is intended to be a rigid and xed connection due to the factthat the universal connection is interposed between the lamp shell andthe U-shaped support member, such rigidity may not be maintained so thatpreferably the lamp casing is offset or indented, and herein inwardly,as indicated at 4l to nestingly receive the midportion 38 of one of theU-shaped members of the universal joint construction. Thus, the lampshell has interlocking connection with the universal joint memberimmediately associated with said shell and thus no rotational strains atthis connection are transferred to the rivet and the parts immediatelyadjacent thereto which are connected together thereby, .but `areabsorbed by the nesting of this member in the lamp shell recess orsocket type depression. The departure from the general conformation ofthe remainder of the portion I6 by the indenting or socket formation 41is quite slight s0 that there will be little or no modication of curveD, see Fig. 4, resulting therefrom.

To prevent marring of the supporting surface and -to increase thefrictional gripping of such supporting surface or frictional contactwith the wall if the lamp be used in a suspended relation, there isprovided a rubber-like covering `lili which, as indicated i covers andconceals the head portion 33a of rivet 33. It is extended as at 52beyond the end of the arm of the U-shaped support which mounts theuniversal joint connection. In a likemanner, it is extended as at 53beyond the other end of said U-shaped support.

Adjacent the other end of the vU-shaped support the strap portion 3| isapertured as at 54- see particularly Figs. 1 and v3'. covering or sheathis provided with registering slits 55. Thus, the edges of this apertureof the metal strap are normally substantially covered.

When the device is to be suspended on a hook,l nail or the like, it willbe apparent the rubberlike covering will readily yield to permit thepassage of the head of the supporting member,

IWhether it be a nail, a picture hook, or other support member,

v When the device is to be used and clampingly supported, the portion ofthe supporting object is inserted between the two arms of the U-shapedsupport member.

It will be obvious that inasmuch as the free ends of this arm areprotected by the rubber covering, there will be no marring of suchsupport members, such as the head of the bed, edge of the vanity, or adesk, or the like, and neither will the surface thereof be marred by therivet head 33a. l

It will be noted also that the spring or flexible washer 34 bears on themidporton 35 of one of the universal joint members and the latter bearson the rubber covering 50. This together with the tension effect of thespring washer permits swivelling of the two U-shaped members on therivet 33 but prevents free swinging thereof, sov that when theadjustment has been made, as desired, it will be maintained and allwithout requiring supplemental clamping action as is customary in manyso-called universal joint constructions utilized in lamp mountingstructures.

In Fig. 5 there is illustrated the preferred form of universaljoint-su-pport connection. Numerals of the one hundred series indicatelike or similar parts. Herein the flexible washer directly ycontacts themetal strap. This insures proper connection even if the rubber shoulddeteriorate and fail in the form shown in Fig. 1. Also both sides of thecovering are relieved as illustrated.

Another advantage of the present invention over the lens typeconstruction is that, in certain lens type lamp structures, the beamconcentrating. element, to-wit, the lens, projects beyond the lamphousing so that it is almost equivalent to looking at a bare intensifiedbulb. As shown clearly in Fig. 1, this is almost impossible because inthis instance, the bulb is recessed in the housing, and does not projectmaterially beyond the forward plane.

The present invention has another functional advantage over the lenstype lamp structure which is of considerable practical importance. Thelens type lamp structure usually retains the bulb generated heat so thatit becomes quite hot and thus cannot be handled for adjustment withoutdiscomfort or burning unless adequate provision isv made forventilation. With the present invention, due to the fact that the bulbis not fully enclosed and there is an annular channel between the collaror cylindrical portion 25 and the lamp bulb, the air in the bowl `orshell, which is heated incident to use of the lamp by illuminating thebulb, escapes from the bowl and lis replaced by cooler air. The cool-erair enters the bowl at the lower portion of the annular channelmentioned, and the heated air escapes from the upper portion of saidchannel, so that the shell is relatively cooler andmay be readilyyhandled for lamp adjustment and turning off the light without discomfortor burning.

The openings for heat ventilation permit the accumulation of dirt withinthe lens type shell.

The rubber-like Not only must the bulb be removed for cleaning shellinterior (and this is common to the present invention) but the lens mustbe removed or the shell interior otherwise exposed.

It is further set forth that by reason of the porcelain-like coating andthe shape of the reentrant portions 24-25 and the inward curvature, asit were, of the portion I9, that all rays of light not projecteddirectly through the opening from the lamp bulb are caused to bereiiected backward, et cetera, within the bowl or shell until ultimatelythey pass from the same in the manner indicated in Fig. 4. The resultanteffect on the eye is that the entire interior-of the lamp structure ishighly illuminated and the contrast between the energized light bulb andthe interior of the lamp structure is minimized which removes the wellknown objectionable contrast common to concentrated light sources andadjacent surfacesl when directly viewed.

It is further set forth this flexible split strap 3| may be forciblydeformed and retain such formation without destroying its normalresilient character. In other words, if the U-shaped support is toengage a support member of 21/2 or .3 in width, the free arm of theU-shaped member is grasped and a larger bend is formed therein, whichthereupon spaces the apertured arm of the strap farther from theuniversal joint supporting arm thereof, all without, as stated,destroying the inherent resiliency of the clamp type mounting.

It will be obvious, of course, the rubberlike material accordingly willbe` deformed and yet will function in exactly the saine manner, no

matter to what position any portion of the U- shaped mounting isdeformed.

It will be also apparent from the foregoing that the resulting structureis of exceedingly simple character, includes a minimum number of partsand these of readily fabricated character and easily assembled, ascompared with the ordinary lens type lamp structure and with the furtheradvantage that the present invention does not require the use cf a lens,thus saving this c ost and such replacement costs as are inherent to thebreakage of a lens type lamp structure, for without a lens the lens typelens structure will not function as intended.

`In Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings there is illustrated, another modifiedform of the invention and this departs in two respects from that shownmore particularly in Fig. l. Numerals of the series indicate like orcomparable parts in Figs. 6 and 7. One departure is that the portion 2|1of the shell 2l6 is radially slit, as at 2|8, and one part is offsetrelatively to the other. The bulb socket structure Zi is shown providedwith a thread arrangement 2|2a, this being a standard type of bulbcircuit. By reason of the slight offsetting, the portion 2|1 split atZit constitutes a thread portion so that the socket may be threadedlypositioned, mounted and retained in the globe structure substantially asshown in Fig. 6.

In the lower portion of Fig. 6 and in Fig. 1 the base 231] is showntriangular in form and is provided with a teardrop shaped opening 255 sothat may engage the shank of a nail, the enlarged portion of -saidopening permitting the head to pass therethrough and thus suspendinglysupport the base of the combination unit. The unit is prevented fromslipping from said nail because the shank portion of the nail seats inthe reduced portion of the opening 255. The base 230 is connected to theglobe in substantially the same manner as the globe shown in Fig. 1 isconnected to the U-shaped hanger type support.

In Fig. 8, there is illustrated a further modified form of basestructure `and numerals of the 3BE) series indicate like or comparableparts. In this form of the invention, the base 330 is shown as ofreceptacle receiving type. It is extended as at 33| and terminates in aninwardly and upwardly directed bead arrangement 353. While herein thisbase structure is shown of circular outline, it is to be understood thatit may be polygonal as well. Within the chamber A formed in this basestructure 339 may be seated a cosmetic case 310. This cosmetic case isdetachable or removable from said chamber A. Herein the retainingarrangement is illustrated as a mirror structure, the body portion ofthe mirror being indicated by the numeral 31| and the reflecting surfacebeing directed inwardly so that it is protected from supporting surfaceengagement.

The back of the mirror 31| mounts a support 312 in which is pivotallymounted the mid-portion of a U-shaped easel support 313, the free endsthereof extending laterally and outwardly, for example, as indicated at314 and as shown more fully with reference to a subsequent form of theinvention, it later being illustrated in Fig. il to which reference ishad hereinafter.

It is suiiicient to state here that this mirror structure is so arrangedthat by manipulation of the easel support, it may be readily freed fromthe chamber A, thereby permitting removal of the cosmetic case andremoval of the mirror so that the mirror may be elevated in easelarrangement, cosmetic case opened and the lamp utilized for customarymake-up purposes. Following that, the cosmetic container, or case, 310may be replaced within the chamber A, which is then closed.

Reference will now be had to Figs. 9 to ll inclusive, wherein numeralsof the 400 series indicate like or comparable parts. This form of theinvention is an embodiment of an elevated or student type lampstructure. Portion 43il is an upwardly curved directed arm arrangement,highly ornamental in character which terminates in a scroll end 43M, asit were, cr similar forniation, and to-wit: in the manner previouslydescribed, there is secured the globe structure with which is associatedthe lamp socket and the lamp.

The lower end of the member 430 is extended laterally as indicated as at453 and is secured as at 454 to a container portion 48| in the main baseportion. This main base portion 48| is laterally enlarged as at 48|) andis provided with an inwardly and upwardly directed rim arrangement 482.The upper chamber formed by portion 43| is adapted to receive a powderpuff 41D or cosmetic container. The lower chamber, formed by the portion480, is adapted to receive the mirror arrangement 41| provided with theeas'el arrangement 413-414 hingedly secured to the back of the mirror asat 412. This mirror serves to retain cosmetic container or powder puff410 in the upper and communicating chamber.

It will be noted, see Fig. 11, that upon the two arms 413 being moved tothe dotted line position the portions 414 overlie each other and justclear the inner edge of the inwardly .directed portion 482 and in thatmanner, the easel type support constitutes a yielding lock foryieldingly holding` a. mirror in the chamber in the base, it being Vtion593 of a retainer. laterally of the pivot portion as at 594 andvterminates in a spring loop 595 having an ex- .tended end portion 595.

understood that this engagement of the portions lllll with the adjacentside walls 480 serves to maintain the opposite end of the mirror inengagement with the adjacent side wall 480 and in overlying relationrelative to the inwardly directed portion 482. When the mirror isremoved,

'the powder puff or container may be removed.

In Fig. 12, there is illustrated a further modifled form of bowlsupport. It, also, is of chamber type. Herein, however, in Fig. 12, thebowl portion and its immediate connecting means is intentionally omittedfor clearness. This base structure 530 supports the U-shaped memberhaving the wings 539, and is provided with an vinwardly and upwardlydirected rim arrangement or bead 582. Herein there is riveted, as at59|, two ears 590, each of which has a curled portion 592 forming apivot for'the pintle por- 'I'he latter is extended This entire springarm construction may be dipped in rubber or rubber covered insubstantially the same manner that the U-shaped support or base 3B ofFig. l is rubber covered. However, for clearness herein the rubbercovering is intentionally omitted.

In Fig. 12, B indicates the top of a bed. In other words, a foot boardor a head board and the full lines show how the clamping memberspreviously described may be moved from the dotted line nested positionto the full line position and mounted in clamped relation on said memberB, the clamp being effected through the portions 596 and the beaded orrimmed edge r It will also be apparent that within the offset portion58l may be mounted a cosmetic container such as shown in Figs. 8 and 10.Furthermore, if desired, a mirror structure also shown in said figures,may also be nested within the base structure and be retained by thebeaded rim 582. In this event, of course, the former container might bepositioned forwardly of the nested clamping arm structures and then themirror structure would be positioned so that its curled free ends of theeasel support would seat within the beaded rim immediately adjacent themembers 590.

While the invention has been illustrated and .described in great detailin the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be consideredjas illustrative and not restrictive in character.

The several modifications described herein as well as others which willreadily suggest themselves to persons skilled in this art, all areconsidered to be within the broad scope of the invention, referencebeing had to the appended claims.

The invention claimed is:

1. In a lensless lamp structure, the combination of a frusto-sphericalbowl casing having a lamp socket mounting annular portion at the bowlrear end coaxial with the casing axis, the forward portion of the casingbeing the frustoportion and the casing axis being perpendicular to thefrontal plane defining the frusto-po-rtio-n of the casing, the forwardand bulb receiving opening of the socket being positionable forwardly ofthe rear of the casing, an inwardly and rearwardly directed frontalannular portion on the front end of the casing and of just sufficientdiameter to permit a substantially spherical lamp bulb to passtherethrough, the bulb when socket seated having its axis coincidentwith the .aligned axes of the annular portionsand its forward extremityprojecting forwardly .of the innermost extremity of the frontal annularportion and terminating substantially coincident with the aforesaidfrontal plane, the bulb when socket seated occupying the central portionof the interior of the casing and having a radius of an order at leasthalf that of the radius of the casing, and, being annularly and inwardlyspaced from the inner annular edge of the frontalY annular portion toform an annular heat ventilating and light transmitting passagetherebetween, the interior surface of the bowl casing being' of lightreflecting and diffusing character,

2- In a lensless lamp structure, the combination of a frusto-sphericalbowl casing having a lamp socket mounting annular portion at the bowlrear end coaxial with the casing axis, the forward portion of the casingbeing the frustoportion and the casing axis being perpendicular to thefrontal plane defining the frusto-portion of the casing, the forward andbulb receiving opening of the socket being positionable forwardly of therear of the casing, an inwardly and vrearwardly directed frontal annularportion on the front end of the casing and of just sufficient vdiameterto permit a substantially spherical lamp bulb to pass therethrough, thebulb when socket seated having its axis coincident with the aligned axesof the annular portions and its forward extremity projecting forwardlyof the innermost extremity of the frontal annular portion andterminating substantially coincident with the aforesaid frontal plane,the bulb when socket seated occupying the central portion of theinterior of the casing and having a radius of an order at least halfthat of the radius of the casing, and being annularly and inwardlyspaced from the inner annular edge of the frontal annular portion toform an annular heat Ventilating and light transmitting passagetherebetween, the interior surface of the bowl casing beingr of lightreflecting and diffusing character the frontal annular portion of thebowl casing being of frustoconical character and interio-rly terminatingin a rearwardly directed cylindrical extension of an internal diameterbut slightly larger than that of the bulb.

3. In a lensless lamp structure, the combination of a frusto-sphericalbowl casing having a lamp socket mounting annular portion at the bowlrear and coaxial with the casing axis, the forward portion of the casingbeing the frustoportion and the casing axis being perpendicular to thefrontal plane defining the frusto-portion of the casing, the forward andbulb receiving opening of the socket being positonable forwardly of therear of the casing, an inwardly and rearwardly directed frontal annularportion on the front end of the casing and of just sufficient diameterto permit a substantially spherical lamp bulb to pass therethrough, thebulb when socket seated having its axis coincident with the aligned axesof the annular portions and its forward extremity projecting forwardlyof the innermost extremity of the frontal annular portion andterminating substantially coincident with the aforesaid frontal plane,the bulb when socket seated occupying the central portion of theinterior of the casing and having a radius of an order at least halfthat of the radius o-f the casing, and being annularly and inwardlyspaced from the inner annular edge of the frontal annular portion toform an annular heat ventilating and light transmitting passagetherebetween,

the interior surface of the bowl casing being ofV light reflecting anddiffusing character a support member, the bowl casing having a depressedsocket portion therein, an external connection between the supportmember and casing and having a protruding portion conforming to theshape of the depressed socket portion and seatable in the depressedsocket portion, and means rigidly and nonrotatingly securing the casingand protruding portion together.

4. In a lensless lamp structure, the combination of a frusto-sphericalbowl casing having' a lamp socket mounting annular portion at the bowlrear end coaxial with the casing axis, the forward portion of the casingbeing the frusto-portion and the casing axis being perpendicular to thefrontal plane dening the frusto-portion of the casing, the forward andbulb receiving opening of the socket being positionable forwardly of therear of the casing, an inwardly and rearwardly directed frontal annularportion o-n the front end of the casing and of just sufcient diameter topermit a substantially spherical lamp bulb to pass therethrough, thebulb when socket seated having its axis coincident with the aligned axesof the annular portions and its forward extremity projecting forwardlyof the innermost extremity of the frontal annular portion andterminating substantially coincident with the aforesaid frontal plane,the bulb when socket seated occupying the central portion of theinterior of the casing and having a radius of an order at least halfthat of the radius of the casing, and being annularly and inwardlyspaced from the inner annular edge of the frontal annular portion toform an annular heat Ventilating and light transmitting passagetherebetween, the interior surface of the bowl casing being cf lightreflecting and diffusing character a support member, the bowl casinghaving a depressed socket portion therein, an external connectionbetween the support member and casing and having a protruding portionconforming to the shape of the depressed socket portion and seatable inthe depressed socket portion, and means rigidly and nonrotatinglysecuring the casing and protruding portion together, each of the latterbeing apertured, the apertures registering when seating association iseffected, and said means extending through the apertures for rigidconnection purposes.

JAMES H. REICHART.

